#!/usr/bin/env python3 -B
# coding=utf-8
"""
Dell PFS Extract
Dell PFS Update Extractor
Copyright (C) 2018-2025 Plato Mavropoulos
"""
import contextlib
import ctypes
import io
import lzma
import os
import zlib
from re import Match
from typing import Any, Final
from biosutilities.common.checksums import checksum_8_xor
from biosutilities.common.compression import is_szip_supported, szip_decompress
from biosutilities.common.paths import (delete_dirs, delete_file, path_files, is_file_read, make_dirs,
path_name, path_parent, path_stem, safe_name)
from biosutilities.common.patterns import PAT_DELL_FTR, PAT_DELL_HDR, PAT_DELL_PKG
from biosutilities.common.structs import CHAR, ctypes_struct, UINT8, UINT16, UINT32, UINT64
from biosutilities.common.system import printer
from biosutilities.common.templates import BIOSUtility
from biosutilities.common.texts import file_to_bytes, to_ordinal
from biosutilities.ami_pfat_extract import AmiPfatExtract, IntelBiosGuardHeader
class DellPfsHeader(ctypes.LittleEndianStructure):
""" Dell PFS Header Structure """
_pack_ = 1
_fields_ = [
('Tag', CHAR * 8), # 0x00
('HeaderVersion', UINT32), # 0x08
('PayloadSize', UINT32) # 0x0C
# 0x10
]
def struct_print(self, padding: int = 0) -> None:
""" Display structure information """
printer(message=['Header Tag :', self.Tag.decode('utf-8')], padding=padding, new_line=False)
printer(message=['Header Version:', self.HeaderVersion], padding=padding, new_line=False)
printer(message=['Payload Size :', f'0x{self.PayloadSize:X}'], padding=padding, new_line=False)
class DellPfsFooter(ctypes.LittleEndianStructure):
""" Dell PFS Footer Structure """
_pack_ = 1
_fields_ = [
('PayloadSize', UINT32), # 0x00
('Checksum', UINT32), # 0x04 ~CRC32 w/ Vector 0
('Tag', CHAR * 8) # 0x08
# 0x10
]
def struct_print(self, padding: int = 0) -> None:
""" Display structure information """
printer(message=['Payload Size :', f'0x{self.PayloadSize:X}'], padding=padding, new_line=False)
printer(message=['Payload Checksum:', f'0x{self.Checksum:08X}'], padding=padding, new_line=False)
printer(message=['Footer Tag :', self.Tag.decode('utf-8')], padding=padding, new_line=False)
class DellPfsEntryBase(ctypes.LittleEndianStructure):
""" Dell PFS Entry Base Structure """
_pack_ = 1
_fields_ = [
('GUID', UINT32 * 4), # 0x00 Little Endian
('HeaderVersion', UINT32), # 0x10 1 or 2
('VersionType', UINT8 * 4), # 0x14
('Version', UINT16 * 4), # 0x18
('Reserved', UINT64), # 0x20
('DataSize', UINT32), # 0x28
('DataSigSize', UINT32), # 0x2C
('DataMetSize', UINT32), # 0x30
('DataMetSigSize', UINT32) # 0x34
# 0x38 (parent class, base)
]
def struct_print(self, padding: int = 0) -> None:
""" Display structure information """
guid: str = f'{int.from_bytes(self.GUID, byteorder="little"):0{0x10 * 2}X}'
unknown: str = f'{int.from_bytes(self.Unknown, byteorder="little"):0{len(self.Unknown) * 8}X}'
version: str = DellPfsExtract.get_entry_ver(version_fields=self.Version, version_types=self.VersionType)
printer(message=['Entry GUID :', guid], padding=padding, new_line=False)
printer(message=['Entry Version :', self.HeaderVersion], padding=padding, new_line=False)
printer(message=['Payload Version :', version], padding=padding, new_line=False)
printer(message=['Reserved :', f'0x{self.Reserved:X}'], padding=padding, new_line=False)
printer(message=['Payload Data Size :', f'0x{self.DataSize:X}'], padding=padding, new_line=False)
printer(message=['Payload Signature Size :', f'0x{self.DataSigSize:X}'], padding=padding, new_line=False)
printer(message=['Metadata Data Size :', f'0x{self.DataMetSize:X}'], padding=padding, new_line=False)
printer(message=['Metadata Signature Size:', f'0x{self.DataMetSigSize:X}'], padding=padding, new_line=False)
printer(message=['Unknown :', f'0x{unknown}'], padding=padding, new_line=False)
class DellPfsEntryR1(DellPfsEntryBase):
""" Dell PFS Entry Revision 1 Structure """
_pack_ = 1
_fields_ = [
('Unknown', UINT32 * 4) # 0x38
# 0x48 (child class, R1)
]
class DellPfsEntryR2(DellPfsEntryBase):
""" Dell PFS Entry Revision 2 Structure """
_pack_ = 1
_fields_ = [
('Unknown', UINT32 * 8) # 0x38
# 0x58 (child class, R2)
]
class DellPfsInfo(ctypes.LittleEndianStructure):
""" Dell PFS Information Header Structure """
_pack_ = 1
_fields_ = [
('HeaderVersion', UINT32), # 0x00
('GUID', UINT32 * 4) # 0x04 Little Endian
# 0x14
]
def struct_print(self, padding: int = 0) -> None:
""" Display structure information """
guid: str = f'{int.from_bytes(self.GUID, byteorder="little"):0{0x10 * 2}X}'
printer(message=['Info Version:', self.HeaderVersion], padding=padding, new_line=False)
printer(message=['Entry GUID :', guid], padding=padding, new_line=False)
class DellPfsName(ctypes.LittleEndianStructure):
""" Dell PFS FileName Header Structure """
_pack_ = 1
_fields_ = [
('Version', UINT16 * 4), # 0x00
('VersionType', UINT8 * 4), # 0x08
('CharacterCount', UINT16) # 0x0C UTF-16 2-byte Characters
# 0x0E
]
def struct_print(self, name: str, padding: int = 0) -> None:
""" Display structure information """
version: str = DellPfsExtract.get_entry_ver(self.Version, self.VersionType)
printer(message=['Payload Version:', version], padding=padding, new_line=False)
printer(message=['Character Count:', self.CharacterCount], padding=padding, new_line=False)
printer(message=['Payload Name :', name], padding=padding, new_line=False)
class DellPfsMetadata(ctypes.LittleEndianStructure):
""" Dell PFS Metadata Header Structure """
_pack_ = 1
_fields_ = [
('ModelIDs', CHAR * 501), # 0x000
('FileName', CHAR * 100), # 0x1F5
('FileVersion', CHAR * 33), # 0x259
('Date', CHAR * 33), # 0x27A
('Brand', CHAR * 80), # 0x29B
('ModelFile', CHAR * 80), # 0x2EB
('ModelName', CHAR * 100), # 0x33B
('ModelVersion', CHAR * 33) # 0x39F
# 0x3C0
]
def struct_print(self, padding: int = 0) -> None:
""" Display structure information """
model_ids: str = self.ModelIDs.decode('utf-8').removesuffix(',END')
printer(message=['Model IDs :', model_ids], padding=padding, new_line=False)
printer(message=['File Name :', self.FileName.decode('utf-8')], padding=padding, new_line=False)
printer(message=['File Version :', self.FileVersion.decode('utf-8')], padding=padding, new_line=False)
printer(message=['Date :', self.Date.decode('utf-8')], padding=padding, new_line=False)
printer(message=['Brand :', self.Brand.decode('utf-8')], padding=padding, new_line=False)
printer(message=['Model File :', self.ModelFile.decode('utf-8')], padding=padding, new_line=False)
printer(message=['Model Name :', self.ModelName.decode('utf-8')], padding=padding, new_line=False)
printer(message=['Model Version:', self.ModelVersion.decode('utf-8')], padding=padding, new_line=False)
class DellPfsPfatMetadata(ctypes.LittleEndianStructure):
""" Dell PFS BIOS Guard Metadata Structure """
_pack_ = 1
_fields_ = [
('Address', UINT32), # 0x00
('Unknown0', UINT32), # 0x04
('Offset', UINT32), # 0x08 Matches BG Script > I0
('DataSize', UINT32), # 0x0C Matches BG Script > I2 & Header > Data Size
('Unknown1', UINT32), # 0x10
('Unknown2', UINT32), # 0x14
('Unknown3', UINT8) # 0x18
# 0x19
]
def struct_print(self, padding: int = 0) -> None:
""" Display structure information """
printer(message=['Address :', f'0x{self.Address:X}'], padding=padding, new_line=False)
printer(message=['Unknown 0:', f'0x{self.Unknown0:X}'], padding=padding, new_line=False)
printer(message=['Offset :', f'0x{self.Offset:X}'], padding=padding, new_line=False)
printer(message=['Length :', f'0x{self.DataSize:X}'], padding=padding, new_line=False)
printer(message=['Unknown 1:', f'0x{self.Unknown1:X}'], padding=padding, new_line=False)
printer(message=['Unknown 2:', f'0x{self.Unknown2:X}'], padding=padding, new_line=False)
printer(message=['Unknown 3:', f'0x{self.Unknown3:X}'], padding=padding, new_line=False)
class DellPfsExtract(BIOSUtility):
""" Dell PFS Update Extractor """
TITLE: str = 'Dell PFS Update Extractor'
PFS_HEAD_LEN: Final[int] = ctypes.sizeof(DellPfsHeader)
PFS_FOOT_LEN: Final[int] = ctypes.sizeof(DellPfsFooter)
PFS_INFO_LEN: Final[int] = ctypes.sizeof(DellPfsInfo)
PFS_NAME_LEN: Final[int] = ctypes.sizeof(DellPfsName)
PFS_META_LEN: Final[int] = ctypes.sizeof(DellPfsMetadata)
PFS_PFAT_LEN: Final[int] = ctypes.sizeof(DellPfsPfatMetadata)
PFAT_HDR_LEN: Final[int] = ctypes.sizeof(IntelBiosGuardHeader)
def __init__(self, input_object: str | bytes | bytearray = b'', extract_path: str = '', padding: int = 0,
advanced: bool = False, structure: bool = False) -> None:
super().__init__(input_object=input_object, extract_path=extract_path, padding=padding)
self.advanced: bool = advanced
self.structure: bool = structure
def check_format(self) -> bool:
""" Check if input is Dell PFS/PKG image """
if self._is_pfs_pkg(input_object=self.input_buffer):
return True
if self._is_pfs_hdr(input_object=self.input_buffer) and self._is_pfs_ftr(input_object=self.input_buffer):
return True
return False
def parse_format(self) -> bool:
""" Parse & Extract Dell PFS Update image """
make_dirs(in_path=self.extract_path)
is_dell_pkg: bool = self._is_pfs_pkg(input_object=self.input_buffer)
if is_dell_pkg:
pfs_results: dict[str, bytes] = self._thinos_pkg_extract(
input_object=self.input_buffer, extract_path=self.extract_path)
else:
pfs_results = {path_stem(in_path=self.input_object) if isinstance(self.input_object, str) and is_file_read(
in_path=self.input_object) else 'Image': self.input_buffer}
# Parse each Dell PFS image contained in the input file
for pfs_index, (pfs_name, pfs_buffer) in enumerate(pfs_results.items(), start=1):
# At ThinOS PKG packages, multiple PFS images may be included in separate model-named folders
pfs_path: str = os.path.join(
self.extract_path, f'{pfs_index} {pfs_name}') if is_dell_pkg else self.extract_path
# Parse each PFS ZLIB section
for zlib_offset in self._get_section_offsets(buffer=pfs_buffer):
# Call the PFS ZLIB section parser function
self._pfs_section_parse(zlib_data=pfs_buffer, zlib_start=zlib_offset, extract_path=pfs_path,
pfs_name=pfs_name, pfs_index=pfs_index, pfs_count=1, is_rec=False,
padding=self.padding)
return True
@staticmethod
def _is_pfs_pkg(input_object: str | bytes | bytearray) -> bool:
"""
The Dell ThinOS PKG update images usually contain multiple sections.
Each section starts with a 0x30 header, which begins with pattern 72135500.
The section length is found at 0x10-0x14 and its (optional) MD5 hash at 0x20-0x30.
Section data can be raw or LZMA2 (7zXZ) compressed. The latter contains the PFS update image.
"""
input_buffer: bytes = file_to_bytes(in_object=input_object)
return bool(PAT_DELL_PKG.search(input_buffer))
@staticmethod
def _is_pfs_hdr(input_object: str | bytes | bytearray) -> bool:
"""
The Dell PFS update images usually contain multiple sections.
Each section is zlib-compressed with header pattern ********++EEAA761BECBB20F1E651--789C,
where ******** is the zlib stream size, ++ is the section type and -- the header Checksum XOR 8.
The "Firmware" section has type AA and its files are stored in PFS format.
The "Utility" section has type BB and its files are stored in PFS, BIN or 7z formats.
"""
input_buffer: bytes = file_to_bytes(in_object=input_object)
return bool(PAT_DELL_HDR.search(input_buffer))
@staticmethod
def _is_pfs_ftr(input_object: str | bytes | bytearray) -> bool:
"""
Each section is followed by the footer pattern ********EEAAEE8F491BE8AE143790--,
where ******** is the zlib stream size and ++ the footer Checksum XOR 8.
"""
input_buffer: bytes = file_to_bytes(in_object=input_object)
return bool(PAT_DELL_FTR.search(input_buffer))
def _thinos_pkg_extract(self, input_object: str | bytes | bytearray, extract_path: str) -> dict[str, bytes]:
""" Extract Dell ThinOS PKG 7zXZ """
input_buffer: bytes = file_to_bytes(in_object=input_object)
# Initialize PFS results (Name: Buffer)
pfs_results: dict[str, bytes] = {}
# Search input image for ThinOS PKG 7zXZ header
thinos_pkg_match: Match[bytes] | None = PAT_DELL_PKG.search(input_buffer)
if not thinos_pkg_match:
return pfs_results
lzma_len_off: int = thinos_pkg_match.start() + 0x10
lzma_len_int: int = int.from_bytes(input_buffer[lzma_len_off:lzma_len_off + 0x4], byteorder='little')
lzma_bin_off: int = thinos_pkg_match.end() - 0x5
lzma_bin_dat: bytes = input_buffer[lzma_bin_off:lzma_bin_off + lzma_len_int]
# Check if the compressed 7zXZ stream is complete
if len(lzma_bin_dat) != lzma_len_int:
return pfs_results
working_path: str = os.path.join(extract_path, 'THINOS_PKG_TEMP')
make_dirs(in_path=working_path, delete=True)
pkg_tar_path: str = os.path.join(working_path, 'THINOS_PKG.TAR')
with open(pkg_tar_path, 'wb') as pkg_payload:
pkg_payload.write(lzma.decompress(lzma_bin_dat))
if is_szip_supported(in_path=pkg_tar_path, args=['-tTAR']):
if szip_decompress(in_path=pkg_tar_path, out_path=working_path, in_name='TAR', padding=0,
args=['-tTAR'], check=True, silent=True):
delete_file(in_path=pkg_tar_path)
else:
return pfs_results
else:
return pfs_results
for pkg_file in path_files(in_path=working_path):
if is_file_read(in_path=pkg_file):
if self._is_pfs_hdr(input_object=pkg_file):
pfs_name: str = path_name(in_path=str(path_parent(in_path=pkg_file)))
pfs_results.update({pfs_name: file_to_bytes(in_object=pkg_file)})
delete_dirs(in_path=working_path)
return pfs_results
@staticmethod
def _get_section_offsets(buffer: bytes | bytearray) -> list[int]:
""" Get PFS ZLIB Section Offsets """
pfs_zlib_list: list[int] = [] # Initialize PFS ZLIB offset list
pfs_zlib_init: list[Match[bytes]] = list(PAT_DELL_HDR.finditer(buffer))
if not pfs_zlib_init:
return pfs_zlib_list # No PFS ZLIB detected
# Remove duplicate/nested PFS ZLIB offsets
for zlib_c in pfs_zlib_init:
is_duplicate: bool = False # Initialize duplicate/nested PFS ZLIB offset
for zlib_o in pfs_zlib_init:
zlib_o_size: int = int.from_bytes(buffer[zlib_o.start() - 0x5:zlib_o.start() - 0x1],
byteorder='little')
# If current PFS ZLIB offset is within another PFS ZLIB range (start-end), set as duplicate
if zlib_o.start() < zlib_c.start() < zlib_o.start() + zlib_o_size:
is_duplicate = True
if not is_duplicate:
pfs_zlib_list.append(zlib_c.start())
return pfs_zlib_list
def _pfs_section_parse(self, zlib_data: bytes | bytearray, zlib_start: int, extract_path: str, pfs_name: str,
pfs_index: int, pfs_count: int, is_rec: bool, padding: int = 0) -> None:
""" Dell PFS ZLIB Section Parser """
# Initialize PFS ZLIB-related error state
is_zlib_error: bool = False
# Byte before PFS ZLIB Section pattern is Section Type (e.g. AA, BB)
section_type: int = zlib_data[zlib_start - 0x1]
section_name: str = {0xAA: 'Firmware', 0xBB: 'Utilities'}.get(section_type, f'Unknown ({section_type:02X})')
# Show extraction complete message for each main PFS ZLIB Section
printer(message=f'Extracting Dell PFS {pfs_index} > {pfs_name} > {section_name}', padding=padding)
# Set PFS ZLIB Section extraction subdirectory path
section_path: str = os.path.join(extract_path, safe_name(in_name=section_name))
# Create extraction subdirectory and delete old (if present, not in recursions)
make_dirs(in_path=section_path, delete=not is_rec)
# Store the compressed zlib stream start offset
compressed_start: int = zlib_start + 0xB
# Store the PFS ZLIB section header start offset
header_start: int = zlib_start - 0x5
# Store the PFS ZLIB section header contents (16 bytes)
header_data: bytes = zlib_data[header_start:compressed_start]
# Check if the PFS ZLIB section header Checksum XOR 8 is valid
if len(header_data) > 0xF and checksum_8_xor(data=header_data[:0xF]) != header_data[0xF]:
printer(message='Error: Invalid Dell PFS ZLIB section Header Checksum!', padding=padding)
is_zlib_error = True
# Store the compressed zlib stream size from the header contents
compressed_size_hdr: int = int.from_bytes(header_data[:0x4], byteorder='little')
# Store the compressed zlib stream end offset
compressed_end: int = compressed_start + compressed_size_hdr
# Store the compressed zlib stream contents
compressed_data: bytes = zlib_data[compressed_start:compressed_end]
# Check if the compressed zlib stream is complete, based on header
if len(compressed_data) != compressed_size_hdr:
printer(message='Error: Incomplete Dell PFS ZLIB section data (Header)!', padding=padding)
is_zlib_error = True
# Store the PFS ZLIB section footer contents (16 bytes)
footer_data: bytes = zlib_data[compressed_end:compressed_end + 0x10]
# Check if PFS ZLIB section footer was found in the section
if not self._is_pfs_ftr(input_object=footer_data):
printer(message='Error: This Dell PFS ZLIB section is corrupted!', padding=padding)
is_zlib_error = True
# Check if the PFS ZLIB section footer Checksum XOR 8 is valid
if len(footer_data) > 0xF and checksum_8_xor(data=footer_data[:0xF]) != footer_data[0xF]:
printer(message='Error: Invalid Dell PFS ZLIB section Footer Checksum!', padding=padding)
is_zlib_error = True
# Store the compressed zlib stream size from the footer contents
compressed_size_ftr: int = int.from_bytes(footer_data[:0x4], byteorder='little')
# Check if the compressed zlib stream is complete, based on footer
if compressed_size_ftr != compressed_size_hdr:
printer(message='Error: Incomplete Dell PFS ZLIB section data (Footer)!', padding=padding)
is_zlib_error = True
# Decompress PFS ZLIB section payload
try:
if is_zlib_error:
raise ValueError('ZLIB_ERROR_OCCURRED') # ZLIB errors are critical
section_data: bytes = zlib.decompress(compressed_data) # ZLIB decompression
except Exception as error: # pylint: disable=broad-except
printer(message=f'Error: Failed to decompress PFS ZLIB section: {error}!', padding=padding)
section_data = zlib_data # Fallback to raw ZLIB data upon critical error
# Call the PFS Extract function on the decompressed PFS ZLIB Section
self._pfs_extract(buffer=section_data, pfs_index=pfs_index, pfs_name=pfs_name, pfs_count=pfs_count,
extract_path=section_path, padding=padding)
def _pfs_extract(self, buffer: bytes | bytearray, pfs_index: int, pfs_name: str, pfs_count: int,
extract_path: str, padding: int = 0) -> None:
""" Parse & Extract Dell PFS Volume """
# Show PFS Volume indicator
if self.structure:
printer(message='PFS Volume:', padding=padding)
# Get PFS Header Structure values
pfs_hdr: Any = ctypes_struct(buffer=buffer, start_offset=0, class_object=DellPfsHeader)
# Validate that a PFS Header was parsed
if pfs_hdr.Tag != b'PFS.HDR.':
printer(message='Error: PFS Header could not be found!', padding=padding + 4)
return # Critical error, abort
# Show PFS Header Structure info
if self.structure:
printer(message='PFS Header:\n', padding=padding + 4)
pfs_hdr.struct_print(padding=padding + 8)
# Validate that a known PFS Header Version was encountered
self._chk_hdr_ver(version=pfs_hdr.HeaderVersion, text='PFS', padding=padding + 8)
# Get PFS Payload Data
pfs_payload: bytes = buffer[self.PFS_HEAD_LEN:self.PFS_HEAD_LEN + pfs_hdr.PayloadSize]
# Parse all PFS Payload Entries/Components
entry_index: int = 1 # Index number of each PFS Entry
entry_start: int = 0 # Increasing PFS Entry starting offset
entries_all: list[list] = [] # Storage for each PFS Entry details
filename_info = b'' # Buffer for FileName Information Entry Data
signature_info = b'' # Buffer for Signature Information Entry Data
# Get PFS Entry Info
pfs_entry_struct, pfs_entry_size = self._get_pfs_entry(buffer=pfs_payload, offset=entry_start)
while len(pfs_payload[entry_start:entry_start + pfs_entry_size]) == pfs_entry_size:
# Analyze PFS Entry Structure and get relevant info
_, entry_version, entry_guid, entry_data, entry_data_sig, entry_met, entry_met_sig, next_entry = \
self._parse_pfs_entry(entry_buffer=pfs_payload, entry_start=entry_start, entry_size=pfs_entry_size,
entry_struct=pfs_entry_struct, text='PFS Entry', padding=padding)
entry_type: str = 'OTHER' # Adjusted later if PFS Entry is Zlib, PFAT, PFS Info, Model Info
# Get PFS Information from the relevant (hardcoded) PFS Entry GUIDs
if entry_guid in ['E0717CE3A9BB25824B9F0DC8FD041960', 'B033CB16EC9B45A14055F80E4D583FD3']:
entry_type = 'NAME_INFO'
filename_info = entry_data
# Get Model Information from the relevant (hardcoded) PFS Entry GUID
elif entry_guid == '6F1D619A22A6CB924FD4DA68233AE3FB':
entry_type = 'MODEL_INFO'
# Get Signature Information from the relevant (hardcoded) PFS Entry GUID
elif entry_guid == 'D086AFEE3ADBAEA94D5CED583C880BB7':
entry_type = 'SIG_INFO'
signature_info = entry_data
# Get Nested PFS from the relevant (hardcoded) PFS Entry GUID
elif entry_guid == '900FAE60437F3AB14055F456AC9FDA84':
entry_type = 'NESTED_PFS' # Nested PFS are usually zlib-compressed so it might change to 'ZLIB' later
# Store all relevant PFS Entry details
entries_all.append([entry_index, entry_guid, entry_version, entry_type,
entry_data, entry_data_sig, entry_met, entry_met_sig])
entry_index += 1 # Increase PFS Entry Index number for user-friendly output and name duplicates
entry_start = next_entry # Next PFS Entry starts after PFS Entry Metadata Signature
# Parse all PFS Information Entries/Descriptors
info_start: int = 0 # Increasing PFS Information Entry starting offset
info_all: list[list] = [] # Storage for each PFS Information Entry details
while len(filename_info[info_start:info_start + self.PFS_INFO_LEN]) == self.PFS_INFO_LEN:
# Get PFS Information Header Structure info
filename_info_hdr: Any = ctypes_struct(buffer=filename_info, start_offset=info_start,
class_object=DellPfsInfo)
# Show PFS Information Header Structure info
if self.structure:
printer(message='PFS Filename Information Header:\n', padding=padding + 4)
filename_info_hdr.struct_print(padding=padding + 8)
# Validate that a known PFS Information Header Version was encountered
if filename_info_hdr.HeaderVersion != 1:
printer(message=f'Error: Unknown PFS Filename Information Header '
f'Version {filename_info_hdr.HeaderVersion}!', padding=padding + 8)
break # Skip PFS Information Entries/Descriptors in case of unknown PFS Information Header Version
# Get PFS Information Header GUID in Big Endian format, in order
# to match each Info to the equivalent stored PFS Entry details.
entry_guid = f'{int.from_bytes(filename_info_hdr.GUID, byteorder="little"):0{0x10 * 2}X}'
# Get PFS FileName Structure values
entry_info_mod: Any = ctypes_struct(buffer=filename_info, start_offset=info_start + self.PFS_INFO_LEN,
class_object=DellPfsName)
# The PFS FileName Structure is not complete by itself. The size of the last field (Entry Name)
# is determined from CharacterCount multiplied by 2 due to usage of UTF-16 2-byte Characters.
# Any Entry Name leading and/or trailing space/null characters are stripped and Windows
# reserved/illegal filename characters are replaced.
name_start: int = info_start + self.PFS_INFO_LEN + self.PFS_NAME_LEN # PFS Entry's FileName start offset
name_size: int = entry_info_mod.CharacterCount * 2 # PFS Entry's FileName buffer total size
name_data: bytes = filename_info[name_start:name_start + name_size] # PFS Entry's FileName buffer
# PFS Entry's FileName value
entry_name: str = safe_name(in_name=name_data.decode('utf-16').strip())
# Show PFS FileName Structure info
if self.structure:
printer(message='PFS FileName Entry:\n', padding=padding + 8)
entry_info_mod.struct_print(name=entry_name, padding=padding + 12)
# Get PFS FileName Version string via "Version" and "VersionType" fields
# PFS FileName Version string must be preferred over PFS Entry's Version
entry_version = self.get_entry_ver(version_fields=entry_info_mod.Version,
version_types=entry_info_mod.VersionType)
# Store all relevant PFS FileName details
info_all.append([entry_guid, entry_name, entry_version])
# The next PFS Information Header starts after the calculated FileName size
# Two space/null characters seem to always exist after each FileName value
info_start += (self.PFS_INFO_LEN + self.PFS_NAME_LEN + name_size + 0x2)
# Parse Nested PFS Metadata when its PFS Information Entry is missing
for entry in entries_all:
_, entry_guid, _, entry_type, _, _, entry_metadata, _ = entry
if entry_type == 'NESTED_PFS' and not filename_info:
# When PFS Information Entry exists, Nested PFS Metadata contains only Model IDs
# When it's missing, the Metadata structure is large and contains equivalent info
if len(entry_metadata) >= self.PFS_META_LEN:
# Get Nested PFS Metadata Structure values
entry_info: Any = ctypes_struct(buffer=entry_metadata, start_offset=0, class_object=DellPfsMetadata)
# Show Nested PFS Metadata Structure info
if self.structure:
printer(message='PFS Metadata Information:\n', padding=padding + 4)
entry_info.struct_print(padding=padding + 8)
# As Nested PFS Entry Name, we'll use the actual PFS File Name
# Replace common Windows reserved/illegal filename characters
entry_name = safe_name(in_name=entry_info.FileName.decode('utf-8').removesuffix('.exe')
.removesuffix('.bin'))
# As Nested PFS Entry Version, we'll use the actual PFS File Version
entry_version = entry_info.FileVersion.decode('utf-8')
# Store all relevant Nested PFS Metadata/Information details
info_all.append([entry_guid, entry_name, entry_version])
# Re-set Nested PFS Entry Version from Metadata
entry[2] = entry_version
# Parse all PFS Signature Entries/Descriptors
sign_start: int = 0 # Increasing PFS Signature Entry starting offset
while len(signature_info[sign_start:sign_start + self.PFS_INFO_LEN]) == self.PFS_INFO_LEN:
# Get PFS Information Header Structure info
signature_info_hdr: Any = ctypes_struct(buffer=signature_info, start_offset=sign_start,
class_object=DellPfsInfo)
# Show PFS Information Header Structure info
if self.structure:
printer(message='PFS Signature Information Header:\n', padding=padding + 4)
signature_info_hdr.struct_print(padding=padding + 8)
# Validate that a known PFS Information Header Version was encountered
if signature_info_hdr.HeaderVersion != 1:
printer(message=f'Error: Unknown PFS Signature Information Header '
f'Version {signature_info_hdr.HeaderVersion}!', padding=padding + 8)
break # Skip PFS Signature Entries/Descriptors in case of unknown Header Version
# PFS Signature Entries have DellPfsInfo + DellPfsEntryR* + Sign Size [0x2] + Sign Data [Sig Size]
pfs_entry_struct, pfs_entry_size = self._get_pfs_entry(buffer=signature_info,
offset=sign_start + self.PFS_INFO_LEN)
# Get PFS Entry Header Structure info
entry_hdr: Any = ctypes_struct(buffer=signature_info, start_offset=sign_start + self.PFS_INFO_LEN,
class_object=pfs_entry_struct)
# Show PFS Information Header Structure info
if self.structure:
printer(message='PFS Information Entry:\n', padding=padding + 8)
entry_hdr.struct_print(padding=padding + 12)
# Show PFS Signature Size & Data (after DellPfsEntryR*)
sign_info_start: int = sign_start + self.PFS_INFO_LEN + pfs_entry_size
sign_size: int = int.from_bytes(signature_info[sign_info_start:sign_info_start + 0x2],
byteorder='little')
sign_data_raw: bytes = signature_info[sign_info_start + 0x2:sign_info_start + 0x2 + sign_size]
sign_data_txt: str = f'{int.from_bytes(sign_data_raw, byteorder="little"):0{sign_size * 2}X}'
if self.structure:
printer(message='Signature Information:\n', padding=padding + 8)
printer(message=f'Signature Size: 0x{sign_size:X}', padding=padding + 12, new_line=False)
printer(message=f'Signature Data: {sign_data_txt[:32]} [...]', padding=padding + 12, new_line=False)
# The next PFS Signature Entry/Descriptor starts after the previous Signature Data
sign_start += (self.PFS_INFO_LEN + pfs_entry_size + 0x2 + sign_size)
# Parse each PFS Entry Data for special types (zlib or PFAT)
for entry in entries_all:
_, _, _, entry_type, entry_data, _, _, _ = entry
# Very small PFS Entry Data cannot be of special type
if len(entry_data) < self.PFS_HEAD_LEN:
continue
# Check if PFS Entry contains zlib-compressed sub-PFS Volume
pfs_zlib_offsets: list[int] = self._get_section_offsets(buffer=entry_data)
# Parse PFS Entry which contains zlib-compressed sub-PFS Volume
if pfs_zlib_offsets:
entry_type = 'ZLIB' # Re-set PFS Entry Type from OTHER to ZLIB, to use such info afterward
pfs_count += 1 # Increase the count/index of parsed main PFS structures by one
# Parse each sub-PFS ZLIB Section
for offset in pfs_zlib_offsets:
# Get the Name of the zlib-compressed full PFS structure via the already stored PFS Information
# The zlib-compressed full PFS structure(s) are used to contain multiple FW (CombineBiosNameX)
# When zlib-compressed full PFS structure(s) exist within the main/first full PFS structure,
# its PFS Information should contain their names (CombineBiosNameX). Since the main/first
# full PFS structure has count/index 1, the rest start at 2+ and thus, their PFS Information
# names can be retrieved in order by subtracting 2 from the main/first PFS Information values
sub_pfs_name = f'{info_all[pfs_count - 2][1]} v{info_all[pfs_count - 2][2]}' \
if info_all else ' UNKNOWN'
# Set the sub-PFS output path (create sub-folders for each sub-PFS and its ZLIB sections)
sub_pfs_path: str = os.path.join(extract_path, f'{pfs_count} {safe_name(in_name=sub_pfs_name)}')
# Recursively call the PFS ZLIB Section Parser for the sub-PFS Volume (pfs_index = pfs_count)
self._pfs_section_parse(zlib_data=entry_data, zlib_start=offset, extract_path=sub_pfs_path,
pfs_name=sub_pfs_name, pfs_index=pfs_count, pfs_count=pfs_count,
is_rec=True, padding=padding + 4)
# Initialize possible PFAT PFS Entry Offset
pfat_pfs_header_off: int = 0
while entry_data[pfat_pfs_header_off:pfat_pfs_header_off + 8] == b'PFS.HDR.':
pfat_pfs_header: Any = ctypes_struct(buffer=entry_data, start_offset=pfat_pfs_header_off,
class_object=DellPfsHeader)
# Show PFS Volume indicator
if self.structure:
printer(message='PFS Volume:', padding=padding + 4)
# Show sub-PFS Header Structure Info
if self.structure:
printer(message='PFS Header:\n', padding=padding + 8)
pfat_pfs_header.struct_print(padding=padding + 12)
# Validate that a known sub-PFS Header Version was encountered
self._chk_hdr_ver(version=pfat_pfs_header.HeaderVersion, text='Sub-PFS', padding=padding + 12)
pfat_pfs_entry_off: int = pfat_pfs_header_off + self.PFS_HEAD_LEN
pfat_pfs_footer_off: int = pfat_pfs_entry_off + pfat_pfs_header.PayloadSize
# Get sub-PFS Entry Structure and Size
pfat_pfs_entry_struct, pfat_pfs_entry_size = self._get_pfs_entry(
buffer=entry_data, offset=pfat_pfs_entry_off)
# Show sub-PFS Entry Structure Info
_, _, _, _, _, _, _, _ = self._parse_pfs_entry(
entry_buffer=entry_data, entry_start=pfat_pfs_entry_off, entry_size=pfat_pfs_entry_size,
entry_struct=pfat_pfs_entry_struct, text='Sub-PFS Entry', padding=padding + 12)
# Get sub-PFS Payload Data
pfat_pfs_entry_payload: bytes = entry_data[pfat_pfs_entry_off:pfat_pfs_footer_off]
# Get sub-PFS Footer Data
pfat_pfs_entry_footer: bytes = entry_data[pfat_pfs_footer_off:pfat_pfs_footer_off + self.PFS_FOOT_LEN]
# Next nested PFS or PFAT Entries start after PFS Header and Entry
pfat_pfs_header_off += self.PFS_HEAD_LEN + pfat_pfs_entry_size
if len(entry_data[pfat_pfs_header_off:]) <= self.PFAT_HDR_LEN:
continue
pfat_intel_header: Any = ctypes_struct(buffer=entry_data, start_offset=pfat_pfs_header_off,
class_object=IntelBiosGuardHeader)
# Parse PFS Entry which contains sub-PFS Volume with PFAT Payload
if pfat_intel_header.get_platform_id().upper().startswith('DELL'):
# Re-set PFS Entry Type from OTHER to PFAT, to use such info afterward
entry_type = 'PFAT'
# Parse sub-PFS PFAT Volume
entry_data = self._parse_pfat_pfs(pfat_payload=pfat_pfs_entry_payload, padding=padding)
# Analyze sub-PFS Footer Structure
self._chk_pfs_ftr(footer_buffer=pfat_pfs_entry_footer, data_buffer=pfat_pfs_entry_payload,
data_size=pfat_pfs_header.PayloadSize, text='Sub-PFS', padding=padding + 4)
# Adjust PFS Entry Data after parsing PFAT (same ZLIB raw data, not stored afterward)
entry[4] = entry_data
# Adjust PFS Entry Type from OTHER to PFAT or ZLIB (ZLIB is ignored at file extraction)
entry[3] = entry_type
# Name & Store each PFS Entry/Component Data, Data Signature, Metadata, Metadata Signature
for entry in entries_all:
file_index, file_guid, file_version, file_type, file_data, file_data_sig, file_meta, file_meta_sig = entry
# Give Names to special PFS Entries, not covered by PFS Information
if file_type == 'MODEL_INFO':
file_name: str = 'Model Information'
elif file_type == 'NAME_INFO':
file_name = 'Filename Information'
if not self.advanced:
continue # Don't store Filename Information in non-advanced user mode
elif file_type == 'SIG_INFO':
file_name = 'Signature Information'
if not self.advanced:
continue # Don't store Signature Information in non-advanced user mode
else:
file_name = ''
# Most PFS Entry Names & Versions are found at PFS Information via their GUID
# Version can be found at DellPfsEntryR* but prefer PFS Information when possible
for info in info_all:
info_guid, info_name, info_version = info
# Give proper Name & Version info if Entry/Information GUIDs match
if info_guid == file_guid:
file_name = info_name
file_version = info_version
# PFS with zlib-compressed sub-PFS use the same GUID
info[0] = 'USED'
# Break at 1st Name match to not rename again from
# next zlib-compressed sub-PFS with the same GUID.
break
# For both advanced & non-advanced users, the goal is to store final/usable files only
# so empty or intermediate files such as sub-PFS, PFS w/ PFAT or zlib-PFS are skipped
# Main/First PFS CombineBiosNameX Metadata files must be kept for accurate Model Information
# All users should check these files in order to choose the correct CombineBiosNameX modules
write_files: list[list] = [] # Initialize list of output PFS Entry files to be written/extracted
is_zlib: bool = bool(file_type == 'ZLIB') # Determine if PFS Entry Data was zlib-compressed
if file_data and not is_zlib:
write_files.append([file_data, 'data']) # PFS Entry Data Payload
if file_data_sig and self.advanced:
write_files.append([file_data_sig, 'sign_data']) # PFS Entry Data Signature
if file_meta and (is_zlib or self.advanced):
write_files.append([file_meta, 'meta']) # PFS Entry Metadata Payload
if file_meta_sig and self.advanced:
write_files.append([file_meta_sig, 'sign_meta']) # PFS Entry Metadata Signature
# Write/Extract PFS Entry files
for file in write_files:
# Full PFS Entry Name
full_name: str = f'{pfs_index} {pfs_name} -- {file_index} {file_name} v{file_version}'
self._pfs_file_write(bin_buff=file[0], bin_name=file[1], bin_type=file_type, full_name=full_name,
out_path=extract_path, padding=padding)
# Get PFS Footer Data after PFS Header Payload
pfs_footer: bytes = buffer[self.PFS_HEAD_LEN + pfs_hdr.PayloadSize:
self.PFS_HEAD_LEN + pfs_hdr.PayloadSize + self.PFS_FOOT_LEN]
# Analyze PFS Footer Structure
self._chk_pfs_ftr(footer_buffer=pfs_footer, data_buffer=pfs_payload, data_size=pfs_hdr.PayloadSize,
text='PFS', padding=padding)
def _parse_pfs_entry(self, entry_buffer: bytes | bytearray, entry_start: int, entry_size: int,
entry_struct: Any, text: str, padding: int = 0) -> tuple:
""" Analyze Dell PFS Entry Structure """
# Get PFS Entry Structure values
pfs_entry: Any = ctypes_struct(buffer=entry_buffer, start_offset=entry_start, class_object=entry_struct)
# Show PFS Entry Structure info
if self.structure:
printer(message='PFS Entry:\n', padding=padding + 4)
pfs_entry.struct_print(padding=padding + 8)
# Validate that a known PFS Entry Header Version was encountered
self._chk_hdr_ver(version=pfs_entry.HeaderVersion, text=text, padding=padding + 8)
# Validate that the PFS Entry Reserved field is empty
if pfs_entry.Reserved != 0:
printer(message=f'Error: Detected non-empty {text} Reserved field!', padding=padding + 8)
# Get PFS Entry Version string via "Version" and "VersionType" fields
entry_version: str = self.get_entry_ver(version_fields=pfs_entry.Version, version_types=pfs_entry.VersionType)
# Get PFS Entry GUID in Big Endian format
entry_guid: str = f'{int.from_bytes(pfs_entry.GUID, byteorder="little"):0{0x10 * 2}X}'
# PFS Entry Data starts after the PFS Entry Structure
entry_data_start: int = entry_start + entry_size
entry_data_end: int = entry_data_start + pfs_entry.DataSize
# PFS Entry Data Signature starts after PFS Entry Data
entry_data_sig_start: int = entry_data_end
entry_data_sig_end: int = entry_data_sig_start + pfs_entry.DataSigSize
# PFS Entry Metadata starts after PFS Entry Data Signature
entry_met_start: int = entry_data_sig_end
entry_met_end: int = entry_met_start + pfs_entry.DataMetSize
# PFS Entry Metadata Signature starts after PFS Entry Metadata
entry_met_sig_start: int = entry_met_end
entry_met_sig_end: int = entry_met_sig_start + pfs_entry.DataMetSigSize
# Store PFS Entry Data
entry_data: bytes = entry_buffer[entry_data_start:entry_data_end]
# Store PFS Entry Data Signature
entry_data_sig: bytes = entry_buffer[entry_data_sig_start:entry_data_sig_end]
# Store PFS Entry Metadata
entry_met: bytes = entry_buffer[entry_met_start:entry_met_end]
# Store PFS Entry Metadata Signature
entry_met_sig: bytes = entry_buffer[entry_met_sig_start:entry_met_sig_end]
return (pfs_entry, entry_version, entry_guid, entry_data, entry_data_sig,
entry_met, entry_met_sig, entry_met_sig_end)
def _parse_pfat_pfs(self, pfat_payload: bytes | bytearray, padding: int = 0) -> bytes:
""" Parse Dell PFS Volume with PFAT Payload """
# Parse all sub-PFS Payload PFAT Entries
pfat_entries_all: list[tuple] = [] # Storage for all sub-PFS PFAT Entries Order/Offset & Payload/Raw Data
pfat_entry_start: int = 0 # Increasing sub-PFS PFAT Entry start offset
pfat_entry_index: int = 1 # Increasing sub-PFS PFAT Entry count index
# Get initial PFS PFAT Entry Size for loop
_, pfs_entry_size = self._get_pfs_entry(buffer=pfat_payload, offset=0)
# Initialize sub-PFS PFAT Signature length
_pfat_sign_len: int = 0
while len(pfat_payload[pfat_entry_start:pfat_entry_start + pfs_entry_size]) == pfs_entry_size:
# Get sub-PFS PFAT Entry Structure & Size info
pfat_entry_struct, pfat_entry_size = self._get_pfs_entry(buffer=pfat_payload, offset=pfat_entry_start)
# Analyze sub-PFS PFAT Entry Structure and get relevant info
pfat_entry, _, _, pfat_entry_data, _, pfat_entry_met, _, pfat_next_entry = \
self._parse_pfs_entry(entry_buffer=pfat_payload, entry_start=pfat_entry_start,
entry_size=pfat_entry_size, entry_struct=pfat_entry_struct,
text='sub-PFS PFAT Entry', padding=padding + 4)
# Each sub-PFS PFAT Entry includes an AMI BIOS Guard (a.k.a. PFAT) block at the beginning
# We need to parse the PFAT block and remove its contents from the final Payload/Raw Data
pfat_hdr_off: int = pfat_entry_start + pfat_entry_size # PFAT block starts after PFS Entry
# Get sub-PFS PFAT Header Structure values
pfat_hdr: Any = ctypes_struct(buffer=pfat_payload, start_offset=pfat_hdr_off,
class_object=IntelBiosGuardHeader)
# Get ordinal value of the sub-PFS PFAT Entry Index
pfat_entry_idx_ord: str = to_ordinal(in_number=pfat_entry_index)
# Show sub-PFS PFAT Header Structure info
if self.structure:
printer(message=f'PFAT Block {pfat_entry_idx_ord} - Header:\n', padding=padding + 12)
pfat_hdr.struct_print(padding=padding + 16)
pfat_script_start: int = pfat_hdr_off + self.PFAT_HDR_LEN # PFAT Block Script Start
pfat_script_end: int = pfat_script_start + pfat_hdr.ScriptSize # PFAT Block Script End
pfat_script_data: bytes = pfat_payload[pfat_script_start:pfat_script_end] # PFAT Block Script Data
pfat_payload_start: int = pfat_script_end # PFAT Block Payload Start (at Script end)
pfat_payload_end: int = pfat_script_end + pfat_hdr.DataSize # PFAT Block Data End
pfat_payload_data: bytes = pfat_payload[pfat_payload_start:pfat_payload_end] # PFAT Block Raw Data
pfat_hdr_bgs_size: int = self.PFAT_HDR_LEN + pfat_hdr.ScriptSize # PFAT Block Header & Script Size
# The PFAT Script End should match the total Entry Data Size w/o PFAT block
if pfat_hdr_bgs_size != pfat_entry.DataSize - pfat_hdr.DataSize:
printer(message=f'Error: Detected sub-PFS PFAT Block {pfat_entry_idx_ord} Header & '
f'PFAT Size mismatch!', padding=padding + 16)
# Get PFAT Header Flags (SFAM, ProtectEC, GFXMitDis, FTU, Reserved)
is_sfam, _, _, _, _ = pfat_hdr.get_flags()
ami_pfat_extract: AmiPfatExtract = AmiPfatExtract()
# Parse sub-PFS PFAT Signature, if applicable (only when PFAT Header > SFAM flag is set)
if is_sfam:
if self.structure:
printer(message=f'PFAT Block {pfat_entry_idx_ord} - Signature:\n', padding=padding + 12)
# Get sub-PFS PFAT Signature Size from Header pattern (not necessary for Dell PFS)
if _pfat_sign_len == 0:
_pfat_sign_sig: bytes = pfat_hdr.get_hdr_marker()
_pfat_sign_pfs: int = pfs_entry_size + self.PFS_PFAT_LEN
_pfat_sign_max: int = _pfat_sign_pfs + ami_pfat_extract.PFAT_INT_SIG_MAX_LEN + len(_pfat_sign_sig)
_pfat_sign_lim: int = pfat_payload_end + _pfat_sign_max
_pfat_sign_off: int = pfat_payload.find(_pfat_sign_sig, pfat_payload_end, _pfat_sign_lim)
_pfat_sign_len = _pfat_sign_off - pfat_payload_end - _pfat_sign_pfs
# Get sub-PFS PFAT Signature Structure values
pfat_sign_len: int = ami_pfat_extract.parse_bg_sign(
input_data=pfat_payload, sign_offset=pfat_payload_end, sign_length=_pfat_sign_len,
print_info=self.structure, padding=padding + 16)
if not len(pfat_payload[pfat_payload_end:pfat_payload_end + pfat_sign_len]
) == pfat_sign_len == _pfat_sign_len:
printer(message=f'Error: Detected sub-PFS PFAT Block {pfat_entry_idx_ord} Signature '
f'Size mismatch!', padding=padding + 12)
# Show PFAT Script via BIOS Guard Script Tool
if self.structure:
printer(message=f'PFAT Block {pfat_entry_idx_ord} - Script:\n', padding=padding + 12)
_ = ami_pfat_extract.parse_bg_script(script_data=pfat_script_data, padding=padding + 16)
# The payload of sub-PFS PFAT Entries is not in proper order by default
# We can get each payload's order from PFAT Script > OpCode #2 (set I0 imm)
# PFAT Script OpCode #2 > Operand #3 stores the payload Offset in final image
pfat_entry_off: int = int.from_bytes(pfat_script_data[0xC:0x10], byteorder='little')
# We can get each payload's length from PFAT Script > OpCode #4 (set I2 imm)
# PFAT Script OpCode #4 > Operand #3 stores the payload Length in final image
pfat_entry_len: int = int.from_bytes(pfat_script_data[0x1C:0x20], byteorder='little')
# Check that the PFAT Entry Length from Header & Script match
if pfat_hdr.DataSize != pfat_entry_len:
printer(message=f'Error: Detected sub-PFS PFAT Block {pfat_entry_idx_ord} Header & '
f'Script Size mismatch!', padding=padding + 12)
# Initialize sub-PFS PFAT Entry Metadata Address
pfat_entry_adr: int = pfat_entry_off
# Parse sub-PFS PFAT Entry/Block Metadata
if len(pfat_entry_met) >= self.PFS_PFAT_LEN:
# Get sub-PFS PFAT Metadata Structure values
pfat_met: Any = ctypes_struct(buffer=pfat_entry_met, start_offset=0, class_object=DellPfsPfatMetadata)
# Store sub-PFS PFAT Entry Metadata Address
pfat_entry_adr = pfat_met.Address
# Show sub-PFS PFAT Metadata Structure info
if self.structure:
printer(message=f'PFAT Block {pfat_entry_idx_ord} - Metadata:\n', padding=padding + 12)
pfat_met.struct_print(padding=padding + 16)
# Another way to get each PFAT Entry Offset is from its Metadata, if applicable
# Check that the PFAT Entry Offsets from PFAT Script and PFAT Metadata match
if pfat_entry_off != pfat_met.Offset:
printer(message=f'Error: Detected sub-PFS PFAT Block {pfat_entry_idx_ord} Metadata & '
f'PFAT Offset mismatch!', padding=padding + 16)
# Prefer Offset from Metadata, in case PFAT Script differs
pfat_entry_off = pfat_met.Offset
# Another way to get each PFAT Entry Length is from its Metadata, if applicable
# Check that the PFAT Entry Length from PFAT Script and PFAT Metadata match
if not pfat_hdr.DataSize == pfat_entry_len == pfat_met.DataSize:
printer(message=f'Error: Detected sub-PFS PFAT Block {pfat_entry_idx_ord} Metadata & '
f'PFAT Length mismatch!', padding=padding + 16)
# Check that the PFAT Entry payload Size from PFAT Header matches the one from PFAT Metadata
if pfat_hdr.DataSize != pfat_met.DataSize:
printer(message=f'Error: Detected sub-PFS PFAT Block {pfat_entry_idx_ord} Metadata & '
f'PFAT Block Size mismatch!', padding=padding + 16)
# Get sub-PFS Entry Raw Data by subtracting PFAT Header & Script from PFAT Entry Data
pfat_entry_data_raw: bytes = pfat_entry_data[pfat_hdr_bgs_size:]
# The sub-PFS Entry Raw Data (w/o PFAT Header & Script) should match with the PFAT Block payload
if pfat_entry_data_raw != pfat_payload_data:
printer(message=f'Error: Detected sub-PFS PFAT Block {pfat_entry_idx_ord} w/o PFAT & '
f'PFAT Block Data mismatch!', padding=padding + 16)
# Prefer Data from PFAT Block, in case PFAT Entry differs
pfat_entry_data_raw = pfat_payload_data
# Store each sub-PFS PFAT Entry/Block Offset, Address, Ordinal Index and Payload/Raw Data
# Goal is to sort these based on Offset first and Address second, in cases of same Offset
# For example, Precision 3430 has two PFAT Entries with the same Offset of 0x40000 at both
# BG Script and PFAT Metadata but their PFAT Metadata Address is 0xFF040000 and 0xFFA40000
pfat_entries_all.append((pfat_entry_off, pfat_entry_adr, pfat_entry_idx_ord, pfat_entry_data_raw))
# Check if next sub-PFS PFAT Entry offset is valid
if pfat_next_entry <= 0:
printer(message=f'Error: Detected sub-PFS PFAT Block {pfat_entry_idx_ord} with invalid '
f'next PFAT Block offset!', padding=padding + 16)
# Avoid a potential infinite loop if next sub-PFS PFAT Entry offset is bad
pfat_next_entry += pfs_entry_size
# Next sub-PFS PFAT Entry starts after sub-PFS Entry Metadata Signature
pfat_entry_start = pfat_next_entry
pfat_entry_index += 1
# Sort all sub-PFS PFAT Entries based on their Offset/Address
pfat_entries_all.sort()
block_start_exp: int = 0 # Initialize sub-PFS PFAT Entry expected Offset
total_pfat_data: bytes = b'' # Initialize final/ordered sub-PFS Entry Data
# Parse all sorted sub-PFS PFAT Entries and merge their payload/data
for block_start, _, block_index, block_data in pfat_entries_all:
# Fill any data gaps between sorted sub-PFS PFAT Entries with padding
# For example, Precision 7960 v0.16.68 has gap at 0x1190000-0x11A0000
block_data_gap: int = block_start - block_start_exp
if block_data_gap > 0:
if self.structure:
printer(message=f'Warning: Filled sub-PFS PFAT {block_index} data gap 0x{block_data_gap:X} '
f'[0x{block_start_exp:X}-0x{block_start:X}]!', padding=padding + 8)
# Use 0xFF padding to fill in data gaps in PFAT UEFI firmware images
total_pfat_data += b'\xFF' * block_data_gap
total_pfat_data += block_data # Append sorted sub-PFS PFAT Entry payload/data
block_start_exp = len(total_pfat_data) # Set next sub-PFS PFAT Entry expected Start
# Verify that the end offset of the last PFAT Entry matches the final sub-PFS Entry Data Size
if len(total_pfat_data) != pfat_entries_all[-1][0] + len(pfat_entries_all[-1][3]):
printer(message='Error: Detected sub-PFS PFAT total buffer size and '
'last block end mismatch!', padding=padding + 8)
return total_pfat_data
@staticmethod
def _get_pfs_entry(buffer: bytes | bytearray, offset: int) -> tuple:
""" Get Dell PFS Entry Structure & Size via its Version """
# PFS Entry Version
pfs_entry_ver: int = int.from_bytes(buffer[offset + 0x10:offset + 0x14], byteorder='little')
if pfs_entry_ver == 1:
return DellPfsEntryR1, ctypes.sizeof(DellPfsEntryR1)
if pfs_entry_ver == 2:
return DellPfsEntryR2, ctypes.sizeof(DellPfsEntryR2)
return DellPfsEntryR2, ctypes.sizeof(DellPfsEntryR2)
@staticmethod
def get_entry_ver(version_fields: bytes, version_types: bytes) -> str:
""" Determine Dell PFS Entry Version string """
version: str = '' # Initialize Version string
# Version Type (1 byte) determines the type of Version Value (2 bytes)
# Version Type 'N' is Number, 'A' is Text and ' ' is Empty/Unused
for index, field in enumerate(version_fields):
eol: str = '' if index == len(version_fields) - 1 else '.'
if version_types[index] == 65:
version += f'{field:X}{eol}' # 0x41 = ASCII
elif version_types[index] == 78:
version += f'{field:d}{eol}' # 0x4E = Number
elif version_types[index] in (0, 32):
version = version.strip('.') # 0x00 or 0x20 = Unused
else:
version += f'{field:X}{eol}' # Unknown
return version
@staticmethod
def _chk_hdr_ver(version: int, text: str, padding: int = 0) -> None:
""" Check if Dell PFS Header Version is known """
if version not in (1, 2):
printer(message=f'Error: Unknown {text} Header Version {version}!', padding=padding)
def _chk_pfs_ftr(self, footer_buffer: bytes | bytearray, data_buffer: bytes | bytearray,
data_size: int, text: str, padding: int = 0) -> None:
""" Analyze Dell PFS Footer Structure """
# Get PFS Footer Structure values
pfs_ftr: Any = ctypes_struct(buffer=footer_buffer, start_offset=0, class_object=DellPfsFooter)
# Validate that a PFS Footer was parsed
if pfs_ftr.Tag == b'PFS.FTR.':
# Show PFS Footer Structure info
if self.structure:
printer(message='PFS Footer:\n', padding=padding + 4)
pfs_ftr.struct_print(padding=padding + 8)
else:
printer(message=f'Error: {text} Footer could not be found!', padding=padding + 4)
# Validate that PFS Header Payload Size matches the one at PFS Footer
if data_size != pfs_ftr.PayloadSize:
printer(message=f'Error: {text} Header & Footer Payload Size mismatch!', padding=padding + 4)
# Calculate the PFS Payload Data CRC-32 w/ Vector 0
pfs_ftr_crc: int = ~zlib.crc32(data_buffer, 0) & 0xFFFFFFFF
# Validate PFS Payload Data Checksum via PFS Footer
if pfs_ftr.Checksum != pfs_ftr_crc:
printer(message=f'Error: Invalid {text} Footer Payload Checksum!', padding=padding + 4)
def _pfs_file_write(self, bin_buff: bytes | bytearray, bin_name: str, bin_type: str,
full_name: str, out_path: str, padding: int = 0) -> None:
""" Write/Extract Dell PFS Entry Files (Data, Metadata, Signature) """
# Store Data/Metadata Signature (advanced users only)
if bin_name.startswith('sign'):
final_name: str = f'{safe_name(in_name=full_name)}.{bin_name.split("_")[1]}.sig'
final_path: str = os.path.join(out_path, final_name)
with open(final_path, 'wb') as pfs_out:
pfs_out.write(bin_buff) # Write final Data/Metadata Signature
return # Skip further processing for Signatures
# Store Data/Metadata Payload (simpler Data/Metadata Extension for non-advanced users)
bin_ext: str = f'.{bin_name}.bin' if self.advanced else '.bin'
# Some Data may be Text or XML files with useful information for non-advanced users
final_data, file_ext = self._bin_is_text(buffer=bin_buff, file_type=bin_type,
is_metadata=bin_name == 'meta', padding=padding)
is_text: bool = isinstance(final_data, str)
final_name = f'{safe_name(in_name=full_name)}{bin_ext[:-4] + file_ext if is_text else bin_ext}'
final_path = os.path.join(out_path, final_name)
# Write final Data/Metadata Payload
with open(final_path, 'w' if is_text else 'wb', encoding='utf-8' if is_text else None) as pfs_out:
pfs_out.write(final_data)
def _bin_is_text(self, buffer: bytes | bytearray, file_type: str, is_metadata: bool, padding: int = 0) -> tuple:
"""
Check if Dell PFS Entry file/data is Text/XML and Convert
Only for non-advanced users due to signature (.sig) invalidation
"""
extension: str = '.bin'
if self.advanced:
return buffer, extension
buffer_text: str = ''
if b',END' in buffer[-0x8:]: # Text Type 1
extension = '.txt'
buffer_text = buffer.decode('utf-8').split(',END')[0].replace(';', '\n')
elif buffer.startswith(b'VendorName=Dell'): # Text Type 2
extension = '.txt'
buffer_text = buffer.split(b'\x00')[0].decode('utf-8').replace(';', '\n')
elif b'<Rimm x-schema="' in buffer[:0x50]: # XML Type
extension = '.xml'
buffer_text = buffer.decode('utf-8')
elif file_type in ('NESTED_PFS', 'ZLIB') and is_metadata and len(buffer) == self.PFS_META_LEN: # Text Type 3
extension = '.txt'
with io.StringIO() as text_buffer, contextlib.redirect_stdout(text_buffer):
ctypes_struct(buffer=buffer, start_offset=0, class_object=DellPfsMetadata).struct_print(padding=0)
# noinspection PyUnresolvedReferences
buffer_text = text_buffer.getvalue()
# Show Model/PCR XML Information, if applicable
# Metadata is shown at initial DellPfsMetadata analysis
if self.structure and buffer_text and not is_metadata:
metadata_info_type: str = {".txt": "Model", ".xml": "PCR XML"}[extension]
printer(message=f'PFS {metadata_info_type} Information:\n', padding=padding + 8)
for line in [line for line in buffer_text.split('\n') if line]:
printer(message=line.strip('\r'), padding=padding + 12, new_line=False)
return buffer_text or buffer, extension